Uppercase Through a Pipe

A parent reads a word from the keyboard and sends it to the child through a pipe. The child receives the word, converts it to uppercase and prints it.

A pipe is a one-way channel between processes: one writes to one end (p[1]), the other reads from the opposite end (p[0]). We close the unused ends to avoid trouble: if the parent doesn't close p[0], the child never sees end-of-stream when it reads.

Input

• Line 1: a word of 1 to 100 characters, made up of letters (lowercase or uppercase) and digits.

Output

• A single line: the word converted to uppercase. Digits and letters that are already uppercase stay unchanged.

Examples

Input:
hello
Output:
HELLO

Input:
cyberstars
Output:
CYBERSTARS

Use pipe(), fork(), read(), write() from unistd.h, wait(NULL) from sys/wait.h and toupper() from ctype.h.